Jainism is one of the oldest and most profound spiritual traditions originating in India. Rooted in the teachings of Lord Mahavira, the 24th and most revered Tirthankara, Jainism offers a path to spiritual liberation based on the principles of non-violence (ahimsa), truth (satya), non-possessiveness (aparigraha), and self-discipline. Historically, Jainism dates back to over 2,500 years ago, though its roots can be traced even further, with many scholars believing that it existed in various forms prior to Mahavira’s time.
The essence of Jain philosophy is based on the belief in jiva (soul) and ajiva (non-soul). Jainism asserts that every living being possesses a soul, and all souls are equal, transcendent, and capable of reaching the state of pure consciousness. The soul’s ultimate goal is to achieve liberation (moksha) from the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth (samsara), which is driven by the accumulated karmic particles that bind the soul to the physical world.
A core principle of Jainism is ahimsa or non-violence. Unlike many other religious traditions, Jainism emphasizes the absolute avoidance of harm to any living being, whether through thought, word, or action. This commitment to non-violence extends to all creatures, from humans to insects, and is reflected in practices such as vegetarianism and the careful handling of even the smallest forms of life.
Another fundamental teaching is aparigraha, or non-possessiveness. Jains believe that attachment to material possessions and worldly desires creates suffering and binds the soul to the cycle of samsara. By renouncing attachment and cultivating inner simplicity, one can purify the soul and progress on the path to liberation.
Jainism also teaches the concept of anekantavada, which acknowledges the multiplicity of views and perspectives, suggesting that truth is not absolute but relative. This encourages tolerance, respect for diverse viewpoints, and the understanding that no single perspective can encapsulate the entirety of truth.
Through rigorous practices such as meditation (dhyana), self-restraint, and ethical living, Jains aim to shed karmic bondage and attain kevaljnana, the state of perfect knowledge, and ultimately achieve liberation. Jainism’s focus on self-realization and inner peace offers a timeless path for those seeking freedom from the illusions of the material world and union with the divine.
Article Crafted by Yoga Home Bali Team